Ethical Hacking Essentials Practice Test

In the context of hacking, what does 'dictionary attack' refer to?

1. An attack using predefined credentials

2. An attack using brute-force methods

3. An attack involving phishing techniques

4. An attack exploiting software vulnerabilities

The correct answer is: An attack using predefined credentials

A dictionary attack refers to a method of attempting to gain unauthorized access to a system by systematically entering every word from a predefined list or dictionary of potential passwords. This approach relies on the assumption that many users choose easily guessable passwords, often based on common words or phrases. The use of predefined credentials is key here, as it entails leveraging a known set of possible passwords that hackers believe might be used by the target. This method is typically more efficient than brute-forcing every possible combination of characters since it focuses on already known, commonly used passwords. In contrast, brute-force methods generally involve trying all possible combinations without a filtered list, making them significantly slower and less efficient. Phishing techniques focus on deceiving individuals into providing their credentials rather than trying to guess them through automated means. Exploiting software vulnerabilities deals with taking advantage of weaknesses in applications or systems rather than attempting to guess passwords.